Health and Family Welfare
16- HEALTH AND FAMILY WELFARE |
THE Ministry of Health and Family Welfare is instrumental and responsible for the implementation of various programmes on the national scale in the areas of health and family welfare, prevention and control of major communicable and non-communicable diseases as well as promoting research across the country.
Department of AIDS Control has been merged with the Department of Health & Family Welfare and now be known as the National AIDS Control Organization (NACO).
In December 2014, Department of AYUSH was made Ministry of Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy (AYUSH) with focused attention on the development of education and research in Ayurveda, yoga and naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and homoeopathy systems.
Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS) is an attached office which renders technical advice on all medical and public health matters and is involved in the implementation of various health services.
National Health Policy:
- The National Health Policy (NHP) was released in 2017 after a gap of 15 years.
- The policy aims to attain the highest possible level of health and well-being for all at all ages through preventive and promotive healthcare and universal access to quality health services without anyone having to face financial hardship as a consequence.
- This would be achieved through increasing access, improving quality and lowering the cost of healthcare delivery.
- NHP 2017 advocates allocating major proportion (two-thirds or more) of resources to primary care and aim to ensure the availability of two beds per 1,000 population distributed in a manner to enable access within the golden hour.
- One of the mandates of the NHP 2017 is the use of information technology towards healthcare.
National Health Policy |
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National Health Mission |
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Mission Indradhanush |
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Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus Elimination |
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New Vaccines
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Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV):
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Rotavirus Vaccine:
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Rubella Vaccine as Measles-Rubella (MR) Vaccine:
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Adult JE vaccine:
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Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV):
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India New Born Action Plan |
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Ayushman Bharat |
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Mother’s Absolute Affection Programme |
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Intensified Diarrhoea Control Fortnight |
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Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram |
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Janani Suraksha Yojana |
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Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan |
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Organ Transplant:
- National Organ Transplant Programme was launched for carrying out the activities as per Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 1994 training of manpower and promotion of organ donation from deceased persons.
- Under this, an apex level organization, National Organ and Tissue Transplant Organization (NOTTO) was set-up at Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi including a National Registry (NOTTR) to provide an online system for procurement and distribution of organs and tissues and to promote deceased organ and tissue donation.
Swachh Swasth Sarvatra:
- Swachh Swasth Sarvatra is a joint initiative of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation launched in 2016.
Mental Health Care:
- The Mental Health Care Act, 2017 adopts a rights-based statutory framework for mental health and strengthens equality and equity in the provision of mental healthcare services in order to protect the rights of people with a mental health problem to ensure that they are able to receive optimum care and are able to live a life of dignity and respect.
- The Act increases accountability of both government and private sectors in the delivery of mental healthcare with the representation of persons with a mental health problem and their care-givers in statutory authorities such as central and state mental health authority.
- The most progressive features of the Act are the provision of advance directive, nominated representative, special clause for women and children related to admission, treatment, sanitation and personal hygiene; restriction on the use of electro-convulsive therapy and psychosurgery.
- Decriminalization of suicide is another significant facet of the Act, which will ensure proper management of severe stress as a precursor for suicide attempts.
HIV & AIDS:
- HIV and AIDS (Prevention and Control) Act, 2017, aims to end the epidemic by 2030 in accordance with the sustainable development goals set by the United Nations.
- A person living with AIDS cannot be treated unfairly at employment, educational establishments, renting a property, standing for a public or private office or providing healthcare and insurance services.
- The Act also aims to enhance access to healthcare services by ensuring informed consent and confidentiality for HIV-related testing, treatment and clinical research.
- National AIDS Control Organisation (NACO) is the nodal organization for National AIDS response in the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
- National AIDS Control Programme is a fully funded central sector scheme implemented through State/ UT AIDS Control Societies (SACS) in states/union territories and closely monitored through District AIDS prevention and control unit (DAPCU) in 188 high priority districts.
- Currently, the National AIDS Control Programme (NACP)-IV (extension) is under implementation for the period 2017-20.
Pradhan Mantri Swasthya Suraksha Yojana:
- The PMSSY envisages creation of tertiary healthcare capacity in medical education, research and clinical care, in the underserved areas of the country.
- PMSSY has two components-:
- Setting up of new AIIMS like institutes in underserved regions of the country
- Upgradation of existing Govt Medical Colleges (GMCs).
Medical Education:
- The major step was the passage of Indian Medical Council (Amendment) Act, 2016, a uniform entrance examination for admission to Under Graduate and Post Graduate medical courses in the country.
- National Eligibility-cumEntrance Test (NEET) has been introduced from the Academic Year 2016-17.
- It would help curb malpractices in medical admissions especially in private medical colleges, will lead to greater transparency and ensure better standards of Medical Education.
Dental Education:
- Under the Dental Council of India (DCI) framework 12 new dental colleges were established during 2014-16.
Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research:
- The Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research is a pioneering initiative by AIIMS, New Delhi in quest for convergence of contemporary medicine with India’s ancient and traditional medical practices and has been envisioned as a “state-of-the-art” research centre.
Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research |
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Revised Tuberculosis Control Programme |
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National AIDS Control Programme |
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National Tobacco Control Programme |
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National Mental Health Programme |
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National Leprosy Eradication Programme |
Objective: To reduce leprosy burden in the country by providing quality leprosy services through general health care - to achieve the elimination of leprosy as a public health problem in all states and districts i.e., reduce annual new case detection Ratio to < 1 per 100,000 populations at the national level. |
Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana |
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Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme |
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Food Regulation:
- Food Safety and Standards (FSS) Act, 2006 was enacted with the objective to consolidate the laws relating to food and for laying down science-based standards for articles of food.
- This was also to regulate their manufacture, storage, distribution, sale and import to ensure availability of safe and wholesome food for human consumption.
- The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) was established in 2008.
- FSS Act, 2006 is being implemented by all state/UT governments.
Drug Regulation:
- Control over the import, manufacture, distribution and sale of drugs, cosmetics and notified medical devices in the country are regulated under the provisions of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940 & Rules, 1945.
- The manufacture, sale and distribution of drugs in the country is primarily regulated by the state drug control authorities appointed by the state governments while control over drugs imported into the country and introduced for the first time is exercised by the central government through central drugs standard control organization.
Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi:
- Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi (RAN) was set up in 1997 to provide financial assistance to the patients living below poverty line, who are suffering from major life-threatening diseases, to receive medical treatment at Government hospitals.
- The financial assistance to such patients is released in the form of “one time grant” to the Medical Superintendent of the hospital in which the treatment is being received.
- Under the scheme, the central government also provides grant-in-aid to states/union territories (with legislature) to set up State Illness Assistance Fund (SIAF) to the extent of 50 per cent of the contribution made by state government/union territories.
Health Minister’s Cancer Patient Fund:
- The scheme Health Minister’s Cancer Patient Fund (HMCPF) within RAN was also set up in 2009.
- In order to utilize the HMCPF, the revolving fund as under RAN has been established in 27 Regional Cancer Centres (RCCs).
Health Minister’s Discretionary Grant:
- Under the scheme of Health Minister’s Discretionary Grant (HMDG), financial assistance up to ? 1,25,000/- is available to the poor and needy patients to defray a part of expenditure on hospitalization for undergoing major surgical intervention and treatment of major diseases.
- The patients who are not covered under RAN, due to criterion of below poverty line and whose annual income does not exceed ? 1,25,000/- can avail the financial assistance under the scheme.
Health Research |
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Indian Council of Medical Research |
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Flagship Programmes
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The India TB Research Consortium:
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TB Diagnostic Initiative:
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e-Health/M-Health and use of Space Technology Tools |
ICMR is focusing its efforts on using e-Health/ M-Health and promote the use of space technology tools. ICMR has developed a mobile-based disease surveillance system for malaria (MosQuit) using a mobile platform. |
Disease Burden Estimation |
Preparedness to handle Zika virus outbreak:
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Ayush Systems of Healthcare |
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Ayurveda |
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Yoga |
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Naturopathy |
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Unani |
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Siddha |
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Homoeopathy |
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Sowa-Rigpa |
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Ayush Healthcare Infrastructure |
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Ayush Drug Quality Control |
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Medical Education in Ayush |
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